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1.清时皇帝的谕旨,分明发和廷寄两种,明发交内阁发布,廷寄由军机大臣专寄给外省将军﹑都统﹑督﹑抚﹑钦差等大员,开首有"军机大臣奉面谕旨"等字样。
[a confidential letter sent direct from the palace to the highest provincial officials] 清廷给地方高级官员的谕旨,不由内阁寄出,而由军机处密封交兵部捷报处寄往各省,直接书上某官“开拆”,叫“廷寄”